Plant senescence pdf

As highlighted by Yolcu et al. One of the most exciting advances in understanding the regulatory mechanisms of leaf senescence is the identification of diverse transcription factors that play critical roles in the process. Intriguingly, in this special issue Li et al. Given that senescence in plants is a highly dynamic process that is precisely coordinated by a complex regulatory network in response to endogenous developmental signals and environmental cues, investigations of leaf senescence should be accomplished by integrative analyses which allow an assessment of the spatio-temporal, dynamic changes that occur in physiological, biochemical and molecular phenotypes.

Leaf senescence is a very important trait for agronomic plants as it limits yield and biomass and modifies nutritional value. For that reason, interest in its manipulation in plant breeding programmes has promoted research projects dedicated to identifying the molecular mechanisms involved in the process, including regulation. The best known biotech application of leaf senescence manipulation technology for plant productivity and quality is the strategy of promoting cytokinin synthesis in senescing leaves by overexpressing IPT under the control of senescence-associated promoters Guo and Gan, In addition to enhancing grain yield and biomass in many crops, these constructs enhance tolerance to drought stress.

In this special issue, Sade et al. OsCV , which is involved in chloroplast vesiculation, contributes to chloroplast degradation and is enhanced in ageing leaves and by drought. Silencing OsCV contributes to the maintenance of chloroplast integrity and maintains carbon fixation and primary nitrogen assimilation.

In their review, Sade et al. Sade et al. They also discuss the role of leaf senescence in perennial plants for different resource management strategies compared with those in annual plants. The review by Yang and Udvardi focuses on nitrogen management in perennial grasses during leaf senescence, presenting approaches to improve yield, yield stability and nitrogen use efficiency in perennial grasses for forage versus biofuel, including tilling and genome editing.

Finally, the metabolomic study presented by Clement et al. Plant senescence is regarded as a complex process in which various environmental signals are integrated into developmental, age-dependent pathways. Thus, mechanisms should exist that sense the age of cells, organs and the whole plant as well as environmental signals, integrate these signals, transduce the signals, select the appropriate pathways and execute the degeneration process. Investigations of the molecular basis underlying these critical steps have been performed and this will continue to be an important area of research.

It is more challenging, however, to address how plants coordinate these processes temporally and spatially during senescence. Determining how environmental signals are integrated into information about developmental age will require not only new technologies but also new approaches that are being utilized in the systems biology field Box 1.

This decision process might be better understood through investigating the evolutionary basis of plant senescence. Central questions also remain as to how plants balance environmental signals and developmental signals to allow such a controlled and unique degeneration process.

One of the new technological challenges to address these issues would be the establishment of a phenome facility and integration of phenomic data with genomic, proteomic and metabolomic data to interlink the genetic and environmental inputs to plant growth and development with an understanding of the controlling mechanisms from birth to death.

Plant senescence constitutes a part of the overall developmental program, in which multiple internal and external signals are integrated into information about developmental age through intricate regulatory pathways. Given the multifaceted nature of the senescence process in plants, integrative analyses which allow an assessment of the dynamic changes that occur in physiological, biochemical and molecular phenotypes is required for a systems understanding of its underlying mechanistic principles.

Different multi-omics datasets, such as genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and phenomics, are integrated for systems biology approaches, and these should provide a more accurate picture of the regulatory networks underlying plant senescence. A guideline for leaf senescence analyses: from quantification to physiological and molecular investigations. Journal of Experimental Botany 69 , — Google Scholar.

The molecular analysis of leaf senescence—a genomics approach. Plant Biotechnology Journal 1 , 3 — Metabolomics of laminae and midvein during leaf senescence and source—sink metabolite management in Brassica napus L.

Gan S , Amasino RM. Making sense of senescence molecular genetic regulation and manipulation of leaf senescence. Plant Physiology , — Integration of multi-omics techniques and physiological phenotyping within a holistic phenomics approach to study senescence in model and crop plants.

Guo Y , Gan SS. Translational researches on leaf senescence for enhancing plant productivity and quality. Journal of Experimental Botany 65 , — Catalytic and structural properties of pheophytinase, the phytol esterase involved in chlorophyll breakdown.

New insights into the regulation of leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. Toward systems understanding of leaf senescence: an integrated multi-omics perspective on leaf senescence research. Molecular Plant 9 , — The biochemistry and molecular biology of chlorophyll breakdown.

Genetic redundancy of senescence-associated transcription factors in Arabidopsis. Editors' Picks All magazines. Explore Podcasts All podcasts. Difficulty Beginner Intermediate Advanced. Explore Documents. Senescence and Abscission - Optimize. Uploaded by Luke Shanti. Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate? Report this Document. Flag for inappropriate content. Related titles. Carousel Previous Carousel Next. Jump to Page. Search inside document. Lynn DeLeon. Dung Phan Tien. Ferdinand Fernando. Snigdha Dam. Alexandra Mamede. Aik Djogja. Alexandra Maria Neagu. Alyster Balingit. Hazel Group. Johnpaul Reyes. Bien Andrei Gaspe. Hannah Adan. Dei Hernandez. Juniver Capriati. Oscar Gilberto. Kaur Simran. Aqib Umar. Plant Physiol — Development — Fortunati A, Tassone P, Damasso M, Migliaccio F Neutron irradiation affects the expression of genes involved in the response to auxin, senescence and oxidative stress in Arabidopsis.

Pharmacological analysis of din gene expression in suspension-cultured cells of Arabidopsis. Physiol Plant — Gan S Hormonal regulation of senescence. In: Davies PJ ed Plant hormones: biosynthesis, signal transduction, action. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp — Google Scholar. Plant Cell Environ — Auxin response factors. Curr Opin Plant Biol — Guo Y, Gan S Leaf senescence: signals, execution, and regulation. Curr Top Dev Biol — Hagen G, Guilfoyle T Auxin-responsive gene expression: genes, promoters and regulatory factors.

Plant Mol Biol — Genomics — Science — Plant Cell Physiol 54 10 — Planta — Dev Cell — Annu Rev Plant Biol — Mol Plant 6 5 — Mockaitis K, Estelle M Integrating transcriptional controls for plant cell expansion. Genome Biol PLoS Biol 2:E Nemhauser JL, Hong F, Chory J Different plant hormones regulate similar processes through largely non overlapping transcriptional responses.

Cell — Perrot-Rechenmann C Cellular responses to auxin: division versus expansion. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2:a EMBO Rep —